This examination was performed with the 24-2 Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm (SITA) standard program on the retinal perimeter. There was no relationship between nocturnal elevation of habitual IOP and the magnitude of VF damage. Subgroup analysis indicated three distinct daily patterns of peak IOP in the patients. In the 177 NTG patients, there was a significant nighttime elevation of habitual-position IOP, and nocturnal seated IOP was significantly less than nocturnal habitual-position IOP. There were no correlations between various 24-hour habitual-position IOP parameters and VF indices. Subgroup analysis indicated that 28 (15.8%) patients had diurnal acrophase, 91 (51.4%) patients had nocturnal acrophase, and 58 (32.8%) patients had no evident acrophase. ![]() ![]() Analysis of the entire population indicated a nocturnal peak (acrophase) for habitual-position IOP. There were 72 men and 105 women, all of whom were Koreans. The relationship between 24-hour habitual-position IOP parameters and VF indices was evaluated. Subgroup analysis was also performed, with groups defined by the time of maximum habitual-position IOP. The circadian pattern and peak hours of habitual-position IOP and seated IOP were analyzed in all patients. IOP was recorded at 8 AM, 10 AM, 12 PM, 2 PM, 4 PM, 6 PM, 8 PM, 10 PM, 12 AM, 3 AM, and 6 AM by a single, well-trained ophthalmology resident using a hand-held tonometer. RELATED ARTICLE: Tyrant Juvenile T-Rex Shaped Dinosaur Diversity and Community StructuresĬheck out more news and information on Dinosaurs and Paleontologyin Science Times.To characterize the circadian (24-hour) pattern of habitual-position intraocular pressure (IOP) and its association with visual field (VF) damage in eyes with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).Ī total of 177 eyes with NTG were examined over a 3-year period. Unlike dinosaurs, mammals do not have sclerotic rings, so some other techniques should be used. They concluded that their findings offer evidence that the Mesozoic Period night time was not as safe as had been presumed as many agile predatory dinosaurs like Velociraptors were around, making mammals at that time more fearful in the dark.įurther studies on how the activity of mammals overlaps with the dinosaurs are needed to understand how they behave during those times. They noted that the previous belief that dinosaurs were more active during the day no longer holds any truth to it. Motani and Schmitz said that considering the night-hunting habits of Velociraptors and the cathedral pattern of Protoceratops, it is most likely that the deadly encounter between the two dinosaurs happened at twilight or in low-light conditions, Smithsonian Magazine reported. David Button said that the fossil gives a snapshot of dinosaur behavior during the Mesozoic Period that is rarely seen. ![]() Natural History Museum reported that it is the most dramatic evidence of two dinosaurs fighting. One of the famous fossils found of a Velociraptor shows it locked in combat with Protoceratops. On the other hand, small dinosaurs like Juravenators, Microraptors, and Velociraptors have evidence of sclerotic rings that are consistent with a nocturnal lifestyle.ĪLSO READ: Dinosaur Death Theories: Did Carbon D ioxide from Volcanic Major Eruptions Killed Them? Dinosaurs At Night For instance, herbivore dinosaurs like Corythosaurus, Saurolophus, Protoceratops, Plateosaurus, and the Diplodocuswere probably active during the cool parts of the day and then again around twilight. Sclerotic rings surround the eye's pupil and iris and are also found in birds, lizards, and other vertebrates.Īccording to Smithsonian Magazine, sclerotic rings are associated with the light conditions when an animal is active, whether during the day or night.Īnimals today who have wider sclerotic rings are nocturnal, while those animals active during the day have smaller apertures relative to their eye size.īut dinosaurs do not all fall into just two categories: nocturnal and diurnal groups. It tells scientists how big the eyes of dinosaurs were and what is its shape. These are the circle of bones called sclerotic rings. But paleontologists Ryosuke Motani and Lars Schmitz identified one feature of the skull that allowed them to investigate whether dinosaurs were active at night. Soft tissues, like eyes, during the period between death preservation.
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